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en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32 [2023/10/28 15:01] pczekalskien:iot-open:hardware2:stm32 [2023/11/23 11:08] (current) pczekalski
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-=== STM32 General Overview === +<pagebreak> 
-<box #84b96a></box> +====== STM32 ====== 
-<box #84b96a></box>+{{:en:iot-open:czapka_b.png?50| General audience classification icon }}{{:en:iot-open:czapka_e.png?50| General audience classification icon }}\\
 The STM32 family is developed and manufactured by STMicroelectronics. They are considered advanced and efficient and are known for great technical documentation, versatility, performance, energy efficiency, and reliability. They are also highly configurable and provide a wide range of features.\\ The STM32 family is developed and manufactured by STMicroelectronics. They are considered advanced and efficient and are known for great technical documentation, versatility, performance, energy efficiency, and reliability. They are also highly configurable and provide a wide range of features.\\
-For a long time, STM32 delivered MCUs without radio modules; thus, they required external radio communication interfaces for IoT applications. Recently, a series of chips have been available with built-in radio modules, mostly using IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee, Thread, and other wireless sensor network protocols) rather than 802.11 (WiFi).\\+For a long time, STM32 delivered MCUs without radio modules; thus, they required external radio communication interfaces for IoT applications. Recently, a series of chips have been available with built-in radio modules, primarily using IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee, Thread, and other wireless sensor network protocols) rather than 802.11 (WiFi).\\
  
-STM manufacturer provides developers with development kits, some of which can accommodate popular Arduino shields. They also provide a development SDK based on the popular Eclipse platform (implemented with Java, thus cross-platform). They also ensure at least 10 years of availability and support.+STM manufacturer provides developers with development kits, some of which can accommodate popular Arduino shields. They also offer a development SDK based on the popular Eclipse platform (implemented with Java, thus cross-platform). They also ensure at least 10 years of availability and support.
  
 STM32 MCUs are known for their energy-efficient operation, making them suitable for battery-powered and low-power IoT applications. STM32 MCUs are known for their energy-efficient operation, making them suitable for battery-powered and low-power IoT applications.
  
-Industrial grade series can handle video processing, TFT displays, and so on, thanks to the built-in performance options such as an independent vectorised interrupt system and DMA.+Thanks to the built-in performance options such as an independent vectorised interrupt system and DMA, industrial grade series can handle video processing, TFT displays, and so on.
  
-=== Hardware === +== Hardware == 
-STM32 SoCs use ARM Cortex-based cores, starting from M0 to M7 ((https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/arm-32-bit-microcontrollers.html)). Some of the SoCs integrate 2 cores, such as in the case of the radio-equipped models, where the main core is supported by the extra one (usually M0+), which handles wireless communication protocols. All MCUs are 32-bit. Some of the STM32 MCUs tend to tolerate a wider range of powering voltages. Thus, they may operate on raw battery cells without needing a voltage conversion and stabilisation.+STM32 SoCs use ARM Cortex-based cores, starting from M0 to M7 ((https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/arm-32-bit-microcontrollers.html)). Some of the SoCs integrate 2 cores, such as in the case of the radio-equipped models, where the main core is supported by the extra one (usually M0+), which handles wireless communication protocols. All MCUs are 32-bit. Some STM32 MCUs tend to tolerate a broader range of powering voltages. Thus, they may operate on raw battery cells without needing a voltage conversion and stabilisation.
  
 There are 5 major series of the microcontrollers and microprocessors manufactured by STM: There are 5 major series of the microcontrollers and microprocessors manufactured by STM:
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 architecture-based.</note> architecture-based.</note>
  
-=== Processor === +== Processor == 
-All STM32 use ARM Cortex cores, either single, double or in pair with another ARM core coprocessor, such as in the case of the industrial grade (MP1) microprocessors and wireless (STM32W) microcontrollers series. +All STM32 use ARM Cortex cores, single, double or in pair with another ARM core coprocessor, such as in the case of the industrial grade (MP1) microprocessors and wireless (STM32W) microcontrollers series. 
  
 Maximum frequencies depend on the ARM Core model and are between 32MHz for Cortex M0+ cores and 550MHz for H7. Industrial series MP1 hits even 1GHz. Maximum frequencies depend on the ARM Core model and are between 32MHz for Cortex M0+ cores and 550MHz for H7. Industrial series MP1 hits even 1GHz.
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 <note>The majority of the MCUs are marked as F family. This series is currently replaced with a next-generation G family of chips.</note> <note>The majority of the MCUs are marked as F family. This series is currently replaced with a next-generation G family of chips.</note>
  
-=== Memory ===+== Memory ==
 Built-in RAM, flash, and EEPROM sizes depend on the family of chips and the exact model within this family. Ultra-low-power devices such as STM32L0 microcontroller have only 2kB of RAM, 128B of EEPROM, and 16kB of flash. Conversely, the STM32H7 microcontroller can have up to 1184kB of RAM and 2MB of built-in flash. Most MCUs can extend the memory externally with SPI (even up to dual QSPI interface). Each STM32 series has its variations that vary in the built-in memory size. Built-in RAM, flash, and EEPROM sizes depend on the family of chips and the exact model within this family. Ultra-low-power devices such as STM32L0 microcontroller have only 2kB of RAM, 128B of EEPROM, and 16kB of flash. Conversely, the STM32H7 microcontroller can have up to 1184kB of RAM and 2MB of built-in flash. Most MCUs can extend the memory externally with SPI (even up to dual QSPI interface). Each STM32 series has its variations that vary in the built-in memory size.
  
-=== Networking ===+== Networking ==
 Only the STM32 W series provides radio connectivity integrated into the MCU. Currently, there are 4 chip series (and each has its variations regarding enclosure size, memory size (both RAM and flash), number of GPIO pins available, and some advanced functions such as secure keys management, secure boot, etc.: Only the STM32 W series provides radio connectivity integrated into the MCU. Currently, there are 4 chip series (and each has its variations regarding enclosure size, memory size (both RAM and flash), number of GPIO pins available, and some advanced functions such as secure keys management, secure boot, etc.:
   * STM32 WL series ((https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32wl-series.html)) introducing LoRaWAN, Sigfox, W-MBUS, mioty, and virtually other protocols compatible with (G)FSK, (G)MSK, and BPSK modulations in a single chip,   * STM32 WL series ((https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32wl-series.html)) introducing LoRaWAN, Sigfox, W-MBUS, mioty, and virtually other protocols compatible with (G)FSK, (G)MSK, and BPSK modulations in a single chip,
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   * STM32 WBA series ((https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32wba-series.html)) with Bluetooth 5.3.   * STM32 WBA series ((https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32wba-series.html)) with Bluetooth 5.3.
  
-Each series has its variations, e.g., the STM32 WL series has STM32WLE5 and STM32WL54 that do not support LoRa, as well as versions STM32WLE5 and STM32WL55 with LoRa.+Each series has variations, e.g., the STM32 WL series has STM32WLE5 and STM32WL54 that do not support LoRa, as well as versions STM32WLE5 and STM32WL55 with LoRa.
  
-=== Peripherals === +== Peripherals == 
-The STM32 family provides all peripherals and interfaces, but availability and amount depend on the family, series, and particular model. Using a peripheral bus matrix, STM32 MCUs connect the CPU core to various peripheral modules. This matrix allows for flexible routing of communication between the CPU and peripherals. Each peripheral block has associated control registers allowing configuring and controlling their operation. Those registers can be used to set parameters, enable or disable features, and monitor the status of the peripherals.+The STM32 family provides all peripherals and interfaces, but availability and amount depend on the family, series, and particular model. STM32 MCUs connect the CPU core to various peripheral modules using a peripheral bus matrix. This matrix allows for flexible routing of communication between the CPU and peripherals. Each peripheral block has associated control registers allowing configuring and controlling their operation. Those registers can be used to set parameters, turn features on or off, and monitor the status of the peripherals.
  
 Peripherals include: Peripherals include:
   * GPIO,   * GPIO,
   * timers (including hardware-based pulse generation such as PWM and watchdog timers),   * timers (including hardware-based pulse generation such as PWM and watchdog timers),
-  * embedded system protocol interfacesUART (USART), SPI (even up to dual QSPI), I2C, CAN+  * embedded system protocol interfaces UART (USART), SPI (even up to dual QSPI), I2C, CAN,
   * ADC and DAC converters,   * ADC and DAC converters,
   * USB, Ethernet, SDIO, camera (CSI), display (DSI),   * USB, Ethernet, SDIO, camera (CSI), display (DSI),
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 </figure> </figure>
  
-=== Video subsystem ===+== Video subsystem ==
 Some STM32 MCUs provide computing performance high enough to handle image and video processing, e.g. STM32F7 and STM32H7 series have hardware-accelerated jpeg (and thus mjpeg) encoding and decoding. MP1 series can be equipped with an optional GPU for 3D acceleration. Some of the MCUs include a built-in TFT display controller. Some STM32 MCUs provide computing performance high enough to handle image and video processing, e.g. STM32F7 and STM32H7 series have hardware-accelerated jpeg (and thus mjpeg) encoding and decoding. MP1 series can be equipped with an optional GPU for 3D acceleration. Some of the MCUs include a built-in TFT display controller.
  
-=== Hardware summary ===+== Hardware summary == 
 +STM32 shares a common ARM architecture but, depending on the family, has different cores and, thus, performance and applications. The following chapters show a more in-depth review of the STM32 MCU hardware. 
 +<WRAP excludefrompdf>
 A detailed hardware summary is present in the following subchapters: A detailed hardware summary is present in the following subchapters:
-  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:performance|STM32 Performance series]], +  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:performance]], 
-  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:mainstream|STM32 Mainstream series]], +  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:mainstream]], 
-  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:ultralowpower|STM32 Low Power series]], +  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:ultralowpower]], 
-  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:wireless|STM32 Wireless series]].+  * [[en:iot-open:hardware2:stm32:wireless]]
 +</WRAP> 
 +== The most popular boards == 
 +STM provides developers with popular development boards virtually for any family of MCUs. There are also available 3rd party development boards.
  
-the tables {{ref>stm32hwhp}}{{ref>stm32hwms}}{{ref>stm32hwulp}} and {{ref>stm32hwwb}}.+There are three types of development boards available (obviouslynot for all series): 
 +  * Nucleo series that share pinout with Arduinoenabling an easy use of Arduino shields. They provide developers with a built-in ST-link hardware debugger. 
 +  * Discovery kits, bigger in size and usually rich in connectors, frequently equipped with external sensors such as MEMS (gyro, accelerometer), microphone, LEDs and so on. They provide developers with a built-in ST-link hardware debugger. 
 +  * Evaluation boards are a more advanced version of the Discovery Kits, equipped with a display, external memory, etc. Their purpose is to demonstrate all capabilities of the particular MCU.
  
-<todo @pczekalski>Add series hw specification</todo>+Sample USB stick, Nucleo kit and development kit for STM32WB55 are present in figures: {{ref>stm32wbusb}}, {{ref>stm32wbnucleoboard}} and {{ref>stm32wbnucleodevelopment}}, respectively. 
  
 +<figure stm32wbusb>
 +{{ :en:iot-open:hardware2:20231028_095848.jpg?250 | STM32WB55 USB stick}}
 +<caption>STM32WB55 USB stick</caption>
 +</figure>
  
 +<figure stm32wbnucleoboard>
 +{{ :en:iot-open:hardware2:20231028_095828.jpg?400 | STM32WB55 Nucleo board}}
 +<caption>STM32WB55 Nucleo board</caption>
 +</figure>
  
-<table stm32hwms+<figure stm32wbnucleodevelopment
-<caption>STM32 Mainstream series</caption> +{{ :en:iot-open:hardware2:image.pf271050.en.feature-description-include-personalized-no-cpn-large.png?400 STM32WB55 development board}} 
- +<caption>STM32WB55 development board</caption> 
-^ Series ^ CPU (Core/Cores)            ^ RAM\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                               ^ Flash / EEPROM                          ^ Interfaces\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                                                                                      ^ Voltage\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                ^ Other features\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ^ +</figure>
-^ STM32C0  | Cortex M0+@48MHz            | 6kB or 12kB                                                    | 16kB or 32kB                            | I2C\\ SPI\\ I2S\\ 2xUSART\\ ADC                                                                                                              | 2.0V to 3.6V                                                        | 5x16-bit Timers\\ IWDG (Independent Watchdog)\\ WWDG (Window Watchdog)                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | +
-^ STM32F0  | Cortex M0@48MHz             | From 4kB up to 32kB \\ 20B backup data*                        | From 16kB to 256kB                      | 2xI2C\\ 2xSPI\\ I2S\\ up to 8 USART*\\ CAN*\\ USB*\\ 12-bit DAC*\\ CEC (HDMI-CEC)*\\ 12-bit ADC                                              | 1.8V for low-voltage product line*\\ 2.0V to 3.6V*\\ 2.4V to 3.6V*  | 2xWatchdog\\ Hardware CRC\\ Internal RC\\ PLL\\ RTC Calendar\\ 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Multiple Channel DMA\\ Comparator*\\ Unique ID\\ Touch Sense*                                                                                                                      | +
-^ STM32G0  | Cortex M0+@64MHz            | up to 144 (SRAM)                                               | 16kB to 512kB\\ Securable Memory Area*  | USART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ 12-bit ADC (2.5 MSPS)\\ 12-bit DAC 2 channel*\\ Low-Power UART*\\ USB-C Power Delivery*\\ USB DEV/HOST 2.0 FS\\ CAN-FD*  | 1.7V to 3.6V*\\ 2.0V to 3.6V*                                       | 2xWatchdog\\ RTC\\ PLL\\ Main Oscillator and 32kHz Oscillator\\ Temperature Sensor\\ AES-256*\\ Random Number Generator*\\ DMA\\ Comparator*\\ 32-bit Timer*\\ 16-bit MC Timer\\ 16-bit Timer\\ Low-Power Timer*                                                                              | +
-^ STM32F1  | Cortex M3@(24/36/48/72)MHz  | 4kB to 96kB                                                    | 16kB to 1MB                             | USART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ 3x12-bit ADC\\ 2x12-bit DAC\\ USB 2.0 FS*\\ FSMC*\\ CAN 2.0B*\\ I2S*\\ SDIO*\\ Ethernet IEEE1588*\\ CEC (HDMI-CEC)*      | 2.0V to 3.6V, GPIOs are 5V tolerant                                 | 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ Temperature Sensor\\ 3-phase MC Timer*                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | +
-^ STM32F3  | Cortex M4@72MHz (DSP+FPU)   | 16kB to 80kB\\ CCM-SRAM*                                       | 16kB to 512kB                           | USART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ USB 2.0 FS*\\ CAN 2.0B*\\ I2S\\ Up to 4 12-bit ADC*\\ 3x16-bit ADC*                                                      | 1.8V for low-voltage product line\\ 2.0V to 3.6V                    | Routine Booster (CCM)\\ DMA\\ 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ Hardware CRC\\ Low and High-Speed Oscillators\\ RTC\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Capacitive Touch Sensing\\ 2xUltrafast Comparators*\\ Up to 7 Fast Comparators*\\ Up to 4 Op-amp (PGA)*\\ High-Resolution Timer*\\ Advanced 16-bit PWM Timer  | +
-^ STM32G4  | Cortex M4@170MHz (DSP+FPU)  | Up to 112kB*\\ 128kB*\\ CCM-SRAM up to 16kB*\\ CCM-SRAM 32kB*  | 32kB to 512kB\\ Flash Memory with ECC   | USART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ SAI\\ 3/5 12-bit ADC*\\ 4/7 12-bit DAC\\ FSMC*\\ Quad-SPI\\ CAN-FD\\ USB-C Power Delivery\\ USB 2.0 DEV/FS*              | 1.71V to 3.6V                                                       | Math Acceleration (FMAC, Cordic)\\ 4/6 Op-amps (PGA)*\\ Up to 3 Ultrafast Comparators*\\ ART Accelerator\\ Advanced Motor Control Timers\\ Multiple DMA with DMAMUX\\ PLL,\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Vbat Battery Voltage Mode\\ High Resolution Timer*                                          | +
-</table> +
- +
-<table stm32hwulp> +
-<caption>STM32 Ultra Low Power series</caption> +
-^ Series  ^ CPU (Core/Cores)                       ^ RAM\\ (*-not all chips/versions)       ^ Flash / EEPROM                      ^ Interfaces\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ^ Voltage\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                      ^ Other features\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ^ +
-^ SMT32L0   | Cortex M0@32MHz                        | up to 20kB                             | 128kB/192kB flash\\ 512B/6K EEPROM  | 12-bit ADC (1.14Msps)\\ USART\\ USART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ LP UART\\ PVD (Programmable Voltage Detector)*\\ USB 2.0 FS*\\ 2x12-bitDAC*                                                                                                                                                                 | Dynamic Voltage Scaling\\ Down to 1.8V*\\ Down to 1.65V*  | Dynamic Voltage Scaling\\ 5 Clock Sources\\ Advanced RTC with Calibration\\ 16-bit Timers\\ Low Power Timers\\ 2x Watchdog\\ DMA\\ AES-128\\ Temperature Sensor*\\ Segment LCD Driver (4x52/8x48)*\\ Random Number Generator*\\ Touch Sense*\\ 2xUltra Low PPower Comparators                                                                                                | +
-^ STM32L4   | Cortex-M4@80MHz (DSP+FPU)              | 40kB to 320kB                          | 64kB to 1024kB                      | USART\\ UART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ Quad-SPI\\ 1/2 SAI+Audio PLL*\\ SWP (Bank Swap Pin)\\ 1/2 CAN*\\ 1/2 12-bit DAC*\\ FSMC\\ 4/8 Sigma Delta Interfaces*\\ 1-3 12-bit ADC (5Msps) with 16-bit Over-sampling\\ USB 2.0 OTG*\\ USD 2.0 DEV*                                                               | 1.71V to 3.6V                                             | ART Accelerator\\ Chrom-ART Graphic Accelerator\\ 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Vbat Battery Voltage Mode\\ Unique ID\\ Capacitive Touch Sensing\\ Hardware Crypto AES-128/256*\\ Hardware SHA-256*\\ 1/2 Op Amps                                                                                                                                              | +
-^ STM32L4+  | Cortex-M4@120MHz (DSP+FPU)             | 320/640kB                              | 512kB to 2048kB                     | USART\\ UART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ 2xQuad-SPI\\ SAI+Audio PLL*\\ CAN\\ Camera Interface\\ 2x12-bit DAC*\\ SDIO FSMC\\ 4/8 Sigma Delta Interfaces*\\ 1/3 12-bit ADC (5Msps) with 16-bit Over-sampling\\ USB 2.0 OTG\\ TFT Display Interface*\\ MIPI-DSI*                                                 | 1.71V to 3.6V                                             | 2xWatchdog                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | +
-^ STM32L5   | Cortex M33@110MHz (TrustZone+DSP+FPU)  | 256kB                                  | 256kB to 512kB                      | USART\\ UART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ Octo-SPI\\ FMC*\\ SAI+Audio PLL*\\ CAN-FD\\ 2x 4ch Sigma Delta Interfaces*\\ 2x12-bit DAC*\\ 2x12-bit ADC (5 Msps) with 16-bit Over-sampling\\ USB 2.0 DEV\\ USB 2.0 HS\\ USB-C Power Delivery                                                                       | 1.71V to 3.6V                                             | 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ ART Accelerator\\ Hardware Accelerated SHA\\ Random Number Generator\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Vbat Battery Voltage Mode\\ Unique ID\\ Capacitive Touch Sensing\\ 2xOp Amps\\ 2xComparators\\ Hardware Crypto AES, PKA, OTFDEC 128/256-bit*                                                                                                              | +
-^ STM32U5   | Cortex M33@160MHz (TrustZone+DSP+FPU)  | 274kB/786kB/2514kB\\ Dual bank flash*  | 128kB to 4096kB                     | SDIO\\ 1/2 Octo-SPI*\\ Hexadeca-SPI*\\ FSMC*\\ HSPI*\\ USB 2.0 FS*\\ USB 2.0 HS*\\ USB-C Power Delivery*\\ TFT-LCI and DSI Interfaces*\\ 2x12-bit DAC*\\ 1/2 14-bit ADC (2 Msps)*\\ 1x12-bit ADC (2Msps)\\ USART\\ UART\\ LPUART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ CAN-FD\\ ADF*\\ Camera*\\ MDF*\\ SAI*\\ SD/MMC*  | 1.71V to 3.6V                                             | 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ 2xAdvanced Motor Control Timers\\ 4xUltra Low Power Timers\\ Neo-Chrom GPU*\\ Chrom-ART Graphic Accelerator*\\ Hardware Crypto AES 128/256, PKA, OTFDEC 128/256-bit*\\ 2xWatchdog\\ RTC\\ 2xOp Amps\\ 2xComparators\\ Hardware Accelerated SHA and MD5\\ Random Number Generator\\ Capacitive Touch Sensing\\ LPDMA\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Unique ID  | +
-</table> +
- +
-<table stm32hwwb> +
-<caption>STM32 Wireless series</caption> +
-^ Series:   ^ CPU (Core/Cores)                     ^ RAM\\ (*-not all chips/versions)  ^ Flash / EEPROM  ^ Interfaces\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                         ^ Voltage\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                 ^ Wireless communication \\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                                          ^ Other features\\ (*-not all chips/versions)                                                                                                                                                                     ^ +
-^ STM32WL   | Cortex M4@48MHz\\ Cortex M0+@48MHz*  | Up to 64kB                        | Up to 256kB     | USART\\ LPUART\\ SPI\\ I2C\\ I2S\\ 1x12-bit DAC\\ 1x12-bit ADC  | 1.8V to 3.6V\\ LDO with DC-to-DC converter built-in  | Multi-Modulation Sub-GHz Radio 150MHz-960MHz\\ 2xProgrammable Power Outputs\\ LoRa*\\ (G)FSK\\ (G)MSK\\ BPSK  | 16 and 32-bit Timers\\ ART Accelerator\\ Hardware Crypto AES 128/256, PKA\\ Random Number Generator\\ PCROP/WRP\\ Temperature Sensor\\ Unique ID\\ DMA\\ 2xUltra Low Power Comparators\\ RTC\\ Low Power Timer  | +
-^ STM32WB0  |                                      |                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | +
-^ STM32WB                                        |                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | +
-^ STM32WBA  |                                      |                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | +
-</table> +
- +
-=== The most popular boards === +
-STM provides developers with popular development boards virtually for any family of MCUs. There are also available 3rd party development boards, mostly from the Chinese manufacturers. +
- +
-There are three types of development boards available: +
-  * Nucleo series that share pinout with Arduino, enabling an easy use of Arduino shields. They provide developers with a built-in ST-link hardware debugger. +
-  * Discovery kits, bigger in size and usually rich in connectors, frequently equipped with external sensors such as MEMS (gyro, accelerometer), microphone, LEDs and so on. They provide developers with a built-in ST-link hardware debugger. +
-  * Evaluation boards are a more advanced version of the Discovery Kits, equipped with a display, external memory, etc. Their purpose is to demonstrate all capabilities of the particular MCU. +
  
 +Sample 3rd party evaluation board for STM32F1 MCU is present in the figure {{ref>STM32F1evalboard}}.
 +<figure STM32F1evalboard>
 +{{ :en:iot-open:hardware2:20231027_113237.jpg?400 | SMT32F1 evaluation board}}
 +<caption>SMT32F1 evaluation board</caption>
 +</figure>
  
en/iot-open/hardware2/stm32.1698505279.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/10/28 15:01 by pczekalski
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