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| en:iot-open:hardware2:raspberrypi:fogclassfamily [2023/11/12 20:38] – [Table] pczekalski | en:iot-open:hardware2:raspberrypi:fogclassfamily [2023/11/23 10:36] (current) – pczekalski | ||
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| - | ===== Raspberry Pi Fog Class Devices Hardware Review ===== | + | ====== Raspberry Pi Fog Class Devices Hardware Review |
| - | + | {{: | |
| - | ==== General ==== | + | == Hardware |
| Hardware boards (depending on the manufactured model) contain interfaces: | Hardware boards (depending on the manufactured model) contain interfaces: | ||
| - | ==== Processor | + | == Processor == |
| - | The first Raspberry Pi 2 models use the 900 MHz Broadcom BCM2836 SoC 32-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor with a shared 256 KB L2 cache. After these earlier models, the Raspberry Pi 2 V1.2 has been upgraded to a Broadcom BCM2837 SoC equipped with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor. Next, the Raspberry Pi 3 series uses the same SoC. They use the Broadcom BCM2837 SoC with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor with a 512 KB shared L2 cache. The Raspberry Pi 3B+ uses the same processor (BCM2837B0) running at 1.4 GHz. The Raspberry Pi 4 is based on Broadcom BCM2711, a quad-core Cortex-A72 64-bit SoC at 1.5 GHz. Raspberry Pi 5 works with a maximum of 2.4GHz. The following Raspberry Pi generations will be increasingly powerful, but their power consumption is also rising | + | The first Raspberry Pi 2 models use the 900 MHz Broadcom BCM2836 SoC 32-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor with a shared 256 KB L2 cache. After these earlier models, the Raspberry Pi 2 V1.2 has been upgraded to a Broadcom BCM2837 SoC equipped with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor. Next, the Raspberry Pi 3 series uses the same SoC. They use the Broadcom BCM2837 SoC with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 processor with a 512 KB shared L2 cache. The Raspberry Pi 3B+ uses the same processor (BCM2837B0) running at 1.4 GHz. The Raspberry Pi 4 is based on Broadcom BCM2711, a quad-core Cortex-A72 64-bit SoC at 1.5 GHz. Raspberry Pi 5 works with a maximum of 2.4GHz. The following Raspberry Pi generations will be increasingly powerful, but their power consumption is also rising, forcing |
| - | ==== RAM ==== | + | == RAM == |
| - | The initial Raspberry Pi boards were designed with 128 MB RAM, which was by default | + | The initial Raspberry Pi boards were designed with 128 MB RAM, which was allocated between the GPU and CPU by default. In the newer edition (including Model B and Model A), the RAM was extended to 256 MB and split into the regions. The default split was 192 MB (RAM for CPU), which is sufficient for standalone 1080p video decoding or 3D modelling. Models B with 512 MB RAM initially, memory was split into files released (arm256_start.elf, |
| - | ==== Networking | + | == Networking == |
| The Model A, A+ and Pi Zero have no dedicated Ethernet interface and can be connected to a network using an external USB Ethernet or WiFi adapter. In Models B and B+, the Ethernet port is built-in to the USB Ethernet adapter using the SMSC LAN9514 chip. The Raspberry Pi 3 and Pi Zero W (wireless) models are equipped with 2.4 GHz WiFi 802.11n (150 Mbit/s) and Bluetooth 4.1 (24 Mbit/s) based on Broadcom BCM43438 FullMAC chip. The Raspberry Pi 3 also has a 10/100 Ethernet port. The latest Raspberry Pi 4 contains a dual band 2.4 / 5 GHz WiFi network adapter (IEEE 802.11ac), Bluetooth 5.0, and Gigabit Ethernet. | The Model A, A+ and Pi Zero have no dedicated Ethernet interface and can be connected to a network using an external USB Ethernet or WiFi adapter. In Models B and B+, the Ethernet port is built-in to the USB Ethernet adapter using the SMSC LAN9514 chip. The Raspberry Pi 3 and Pi Zero W (wireless) models are equipped with 2.4 GHz WiFi 802.11n (150 Mbit/s) and Bluetooth 4.1 (24 Mbit/s) based on Broadcom BCM43438 FullMAC chip. The Raspberry Pi 3 also has a 10/100 Ethernet port. The latest Raspberry Pi 4 contains a dual band 2.4 / 5 GHz WiFi network adapter (IEEE 802.11ac), Bluetooth 5.0, and Gigabit Ethernet. | ||
| - | ==== Peripherals | + | == Peripherals == |
| The Raspberry Pi may be controlled with any generic USB keyboard and mouse. It can also use USB storage, USB to MIDI converters, and virtually any other device/ | The Raspberry Pi may be controlled with any generic USB keyboard and mouse. It can also use USB storage, USB to MIDI converters, and virtually any other device/ | ||
| Other peripherals can be attached through the various pins and connectors on the surface of the Raspberry Pi. | Other peripherals can be attached through the various pins and connectors on the surface of the Raspberry Pi. | ||
| - | ==== Video subsystem | + | == Video subsystem == |
| The video controller supports standard modern TV resolutions, | The video controller supports standard modern TV resolutions, | ||
| - | ==== Real-Time Clock ==== | + | == Real-Time Clock == |
| None of the current Raspberry Pi models has a built-in real-time clock. Developers who need real clock time in their project can retrieve the time from a network time server (NTP) or use the external RTC module connected to the board via SPI or I²C interface. To save the file system consistency, | None of the current Raspberry Pi models has a built-in real-time clock. Developers who need real clock time in their project can retrieve the time from a network time server (NTP) or use the external RTC module connected to the board via SPI or I²C interface. To save the file system consistency, | ||
| - | ==== Detailed | + | == Hardware Specification == |
| - | < | + | Following tables {{ref> |
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | ^ Version | + | ^ Version |
| - | ^ ::: | **RPi 1 Model A** | **RPi 1 Model A+** | **RPi 3 Model A+** | | + | ^ | **RPi 1 Model A** | **RPi 1 Model A+** | **RPi 3 Model A+** | |
| - | ^Release date |2/ | + | ^ Release date |
| - | ^Target price (USD) |25|20|25| | + | ^ Target price (USD) |
| - | ^Instruction set |ARMv6Z (32-bit)||ARMv8 (64-bit)| | + | ^ Instruction set | ARMv6Z (32-bit) |
| - | ^SoC |Broadcom BCM2835||Broadcom BCM2837B0| | + | ^ SoC | Broadcom BCM2835 |
| - | ^FPU |VFPv2; NEON not supported||VFPv4 + NEON| | + | ^ FPU | VFPv2; NEON not supported |
| - | ^CPU |1× ARM1176JZF-S 700 MHz||4× Cortex-A53 1.4 GHz| | + | ^ CPU | 1× ARM1176JZF-S 700 MHz |
| - | ^GPU | Broadcom VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz (BCM2837: 3D part of GPU @ 300 MHz, video part of GPU @ 400 MHz) ||| | + | ^ GPU | Broadcom VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz (BCM2837: 3D part of GPU @ 300 MHz, video part of GPU @ 400 MHz) |
| - | ^ ::: | OpenGL ES 2.0 (BCM2835, BCM2836: 24 GFLOPS / BCM2837: 28.8 GFLOPS) | + | | ::: | OpenGL ES 2.0 (BCM2835, BCM2836: 24 GFLOPS / BCM2837: 28.8 GFLOPS) |
| - | ^ ::: | MPEG-2 and VC-1 (with license), 1080p30 H.264/ | + | | ::: | MPEG-2 and VC-1 (with license), 1080p30 H.264/ |
| - | ^Memory (SDRAM) | + | ^ Memory (SDRAM) |
| - | ^USB 2.0 ports |1 (direct from BCM2835 chip)|| | + | ^ USB 2.0 ports | 1 (direct from BCM2835 chip) || 1 (direct from BCM2837B0 chip) | |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^Video input | 15-pin MIPI camera interface (CSI) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera | + | ^ Video input | 15-pin MIPI camera interface (CSI) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera |
| - | ^Video outputs | + | ^ Video outputs |
| - | ^Audio inputs | + | ^ Audio inputs |
| - | ^Audio outputs | + | ^ Audio outputs |
| - | ^On-board storage | + | ^ On-board storage |
| - | ^On-board network | + | ^ On-board network |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^Low-level peripherals | + | ^ Low-level peripherals |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^ ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | | ::: | ::: |
| - | ^Power ratings | + | ^ Power ratings |
| - | ^Power source | + | ^ Power source |
| - | ^Size |85.60 mm × 56.5 mm (3.370 in × 2.224 in), excluding protruding connectors|65 mm × 56.5 mm × 10 mm (2.56 in × 2.22 in × 0.39 in), same as HAT board|65 mm x 56.5 mm| | + | ^ Size |
| - | ^Weight | + | ^ Weight |
| - | ^Console | + | ^ Console |
| - | ^Generation | + | ^ Generation |
| - | ^Obsolescence | + | ^ Obsolescence |
| - | ^ | ::: | ::: | ::: | | + | ^ | ::: |
| - | ^Statement | + | ^ Statement |
| - | ^Type ^ **Model A** ^^| | + | ^ Type |
| </ | </ | ||
| - | < | + | < |
| < | < | ||
| ^ Version | ^ Version | ||
| Line 106: | Line 108: | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | <todo @pczekalski> | + | < |
| - | < | + | |
| < | < | ||
| - | ^ Version | + | ^ Version |
| - | ^ | **Compute Module 1** | **Compute Module 3**\\ &\\ **Compute Module 3 Lite** | + | ^ | **Compute Module 1** | **Compute Module 3**\\ &\\ **Compute Module 3 Lite** |
| - | ^ Release date | + | ^ Release date |
| - | ^ Instruction set | ARMv6Z (32-bit) | + | ^ Instruction set | ARMv6Z (32-bit) |
| - | ^ SoC | Broadcom BCM2835 | + | ^ SoC | Broadcom BCM2835 |
| - | ^ FPU | VFPv2; NEON not supported | + | ^ FPU | VFPv2; NEON not supported |
| - | ^ CPU | 1× ARM1176JZF-S 700 MHz | + | ^ CPU | 1× ARM1176JZF-S 700 MHz |
| - | ^ GPU | Broadcom VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz (BCM2837: 3D part of GPU @ 300 MHz, video part of GPU @ 400 MHz) ||| Broadcom VideoCore VI @ 500 MHz | | + | ^ GPU | Broadcom VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz (BCM2837: 3D part of GPU @ 300 MHz, video part of GPU @ 400 MHz) ||| Broadcom VideoCore VI @ 500 MHz | |
| - | ^ Memory (SDRAM) | + | ^ Memory (SDRAM) |
| - | ^ USB 2.0 ports | 1 (direct from BCM2835 chip) | 1 (direct from BCM2837 chip) | 1 (direct from BCM2837B0 chip) | 1 | | + | ^ USB 2.0 ports | 1 (direct from BCM2835 chip) | 1 (direct from BCM2837 chip) | 1 (direct from BCM2837B0 chip) | 1 | |
| - | ^ Video input | 2× MIPI camera interface (CSI) ||| 2-lane MIPI CSI camera interface, \\ 4-lane MIPI CSI camera interface | + | ^ Video input | 2× MIPI camera interface (CSI) ||| 2-lane MIPI CSI camera interface, \\ 4-lane MIPI CSI camera interface |
| - | ^ Video outputs | + | ^ Video outputs |
| - | ^ On-board storage | + | ^ On-board storage |
| - | ^ On-board network | + | ^ On-board network |
| - | ^ Low-level peripherals | + | ^ Low-level peripherals |
| - | | | | | | | | + | ^ Power ratings |
| - | | | | | | | | + | ^ Power source |
| - | | | | | | | + | ^ Size |
| - | ^ Power ratings | + | ^ Obsolescence |
| - | ^ Power source | + | ^ Type |
| - | ^ Size | 67.6 mm × 30 mm (2.66 in × 1.18 in) | + | |
| - | | | | | | | | + | |
| - | ^ Weight | + | |
| - | ^ Console | + | |
| - | ^ Generation | + | |
| - | ^ Obsolescence | + | |
| - | ^ Type | + | |
| </ | </ | ||
| - | < | + | < |
| < | < | ||
| ^ Version | ^ Version | ||
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| </ | </ | ||
| - | < | + | < |
| < | < | ||
| ^ Version | ^ Version | ||
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| - | ==== Raspberry Pi Boards ==== | + | ===== Raspberry Pi Boards |
| - | As for today, on the market, | + | As for today, on the market, a few models of Raspberry Pi boards |
| - | < | + | < |
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
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| </ | </ | ||
| - | < | + | < |
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
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| - | ==== General-Purpose Input-Output (GPIO) Connector ==== | + | ===== General-Purpose Input-Output (GPIO) Connector |
| Each Raspberry Pi model is equipped with a standard 34/40-pis male connector containing universal GPIO ports, VCC 3.3/5V, GND, CLK, I2C/SPI bus pins, which developers can use to connect their external sensors, switches and other controlled devices to the Raspberry Pi board and then program their behaviour within the code loaded to the board. | Each Raspberry Pi model is equipped with a standard 34/40-pis male connector containing universal GPIO ports, VCC 3.3/5V, GND, CLK, I2C/SPI bus pins, which developers can use to connect their external sensors, switches and other controlled devices to the Raspberry Pi board and then program their behaviour within the code loaded to the board. | ||
| * Raspberry Pi 1 Models A+ and B+, Pi 2 Model B, Pi 3 Model B and Pi Zero (and Zero W) GPIO J8 have a 40-pin pinout. Raspberry Pi 1 Models A and B have only the first 26 pins. | * Raspberry Pi 1 Models A+ and B+, Pi 2 Model B, Pi 3 Model B and Pi Zero (and Zero W) GPIO J8 have a 40-pin pinout. Raspberry Pi 1 Models A and B have only the first 26 pins. | ||
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| - | < | + | < |
| </ | </ | ||
| - | * Model B rev. 2 also has a pad (called | + | * Model B rev. 2 also has a pad (P5 on the board and P6 on the schematics) of 8 pins, offering access to 4 GPIO connections. |
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| - | < | + | < |
| </ | </ | ||
| - | ==== HDMI Port ==== | + | ===== HDMI Port ===== |
| - | Each Raspberry Pi model is equipped with the standard mini HDMI port, which allows the user to connect the monitor or TV set to the board. The electronic schematic is shown in the picture. | + | Each Raspberry Pi model is equipped with the standard, mini or micro HDMI port, which allows the user to connect the monitor or TV set to the board. The electronic schematic is shown in the picture. |
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| - | < | + | < |
| </ | </ | ||
| - | ==== Camera Port CSI ==== | + | ===== Camera Port CSI ===== |
| Raspberry Pi boars Zero, 1, A+, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are equipped with a Camera interface (CSI) port, allowing the user to connect the CCD camera following the MIPI standard. | Raspberry Pi boars Zero, 1, A+, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are equipped with a Camera interface (CSI) port, allowing the user to connect the CCD camera following the MIPI standard. | ||
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| < | < | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| < | < | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | ==== Display Port (DSI) ==== | + | ===== Display Port (DSI) ===== |
| Raspberry Pi boards 2 to 5 have an LCD Display interface(DSI) port, allowing the user to connect the LCD touch display to the board. | Raspberry Pi boards 2 to 5 have an LCD Display interface(DSI) port, allowing the user to connect the LCD touch display to the board. | ||
| The official Raspberry Pi LCD touch display shown in the figure below is 800 x 480 dpi 7" in size and can be connected to the Raspberry board using the DSI interface. Such an assembly can be used in the projects to display a controlling application view, and the ability to handle fingers and a touchscreen controls the project behaviour. The LCD can be mounted in portrait/ | The official Raspberry Pi LCD touch display shown in the figure below is 800 x 480 dpi 7" in size and can be connected to the Raspberry board using the DSI interface. Such an assembly can be used in the projects to display a controlling application view, and the ability to handle fingers and a touchscreen controls the project behaviour. The LCD can be mounted in portrait/ | ||
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| < | < | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| <figure label> | <figure label> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| < | < | ||
| </ | </ | ||
| - | ====USB and LAN Ports==== | + | =====USB and LAN Ports===== |
| Raspberry PI models Zero, 1, A+, 2, 3, 4 and 5 contain USB ports (from 1 up to 4), and all but Zero also have a LAN port for TCP/IP network connections. These ports can be used for mouse/ | Raspberry PI models Zero, 1, A+, 2, 3, 4 and 5 contain USB ports (from 1 up to 4), and all but Zero also have a LAN port for TCP/IP network connections. These ports can be used for mouse/ | ||
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| <figure rpiports> | <figure rpiports> | ||
| - | {{ : | + | {{ : |
| < | < | ||
| </ | </ | ||