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en:iot-open:hardware2:actuators_light [2023/11/22 10:35] – pczekalskien:iot-open:hardware2:actuators_light [2023/11/23 10:39] (current) – pczekalski
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 ====== Optical Output Devices ====== ====== Optical Output Devices ======
 +{{:en:iot-open:czapka_b.png?50| General audience classification icon }}{{:en:iot-open:czapka_e.png?50| General audience classification icon }}\\
 == Light-Emitting Diode == == Light-Emitting Diode ==
 Unlike the other diodes, the light-emitting diode, also called LED, is a particular type that emits light. LED has an entirely different body, which is made of transparent plastic that protects the diode and lets it emit light (figure {{ref>led1}}). Like the other diodes, LED conducts the current in one way, so connecting it to the scheme is essential. There are two safe ways to determine the direction of the diode: Unlike the other diodes, the light-emitting diode, also called LED, is a particular type that emits light. LED has an entirely different body, which is made of transparent plastic that protects the diode and lets it emit light (figure {{ref>led1}}). Like the other diodes, LED conducts the current in one way, so connecting it to the scheme is essential. There are two safe ways to determine the direction of the diode:
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 Opposite to the above, multicolour e-Ink displays provide a true selection of colours per pixel and are implemented in various technologies presented below. Opposite to the above, multicolour e-Ink displays provide a true selection of colours per pixel and are implemented in various technologies presented below.
  
-Multicolour with filtering.\\+**Multicolour with filtering**\\
 In this construction, classical black-white capsules are covered with colour RGB filters on top of them. A single pixel is then composed, in fact, of 3 spheres, covered with red, green and blue and the final colour is observed as a mixture of those. Moreover, controlling a single sphere similarly to the grayscale displays enables an even bigger number of colours presented by a single pixel domain without using high resolution and dithering. This kind of display uses additive colour mixing (RGB). A principle of operation is present in figure {{ref>eink4}}.  In this construction, classical black-white capsules are covered with colour RGB filters on top of them. A single pixel is then composed, in fact, of 3 spheres, covered with red, green and blue and the final colour is observed as a mixture of those. Moreover, controlling a single sphere similarly to the grayscale displays enables an even bigger number of colours presented by a single pixel domain without using high resolution and dithering. This kind of display uses additive colour mixing (RGB). A principle of operation is present in figure {{ref>eink4}}. 
 <note>Note, in RGB filtered displays, at least 3 spheres are needed to present a single colourful pixel, so the overall resolution is lower than in monochrome or grayscale E-Inks.</note> <note>Note, in RGB filtered displays, at least 3 spheres are needed to present a single colourful pixel, so the overall resolution is lower than in monochrome or grayscale E-Inks.</note>
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 </figure> </figure>
  
-Multicoloured capsules in a single sphere (ACEP Advanced Colour ePaper).\\+**Multicoloured capsules in a single sphere (ACEP Advanced Colour ePaper)**\\
 In this approach, capsules in a single sphere are multicoloured rather than black-white. Microcapsules of different colours have slightly different charging, so a variating external electric field applied to the single sphere controls the colour of the capsules on the top of the sphere that is visible to the user. A single sphere can then present a wide range of colours. This kind of display uses subtractive colour mixing (CMY/CMYK). A principle of operation is present in figure {{ref>eink5}}.  In this approach, capsules in a single sphere are multicoloured rather than black-white. Microcapsules of different colours have slightly different charging, so a variating external electric field applied to the single sphere controls the colour of the capsules on the top of the sphere that is visible to the user. A single sphere can then present a wide range of colours. This kind of display uses subtractive colour mixing (CMY/CMYK). A principle of operation is present in figure {{ref>eink5}}. 
 <note>This solution provides quite good resolution, but controlling the microcapsules is tricky and requires complex electric field control.</note>  <note>This solution provides quite good resolution, but controlling the microcapsules is tricky and requires complex electric field control.</note> 
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 </figure> </figure>
  
-Multicoloured capsules in separate spheres.\\+**Multicoloured capsules in separate spheres**\\
 This approach is theoretical as manufacturing such devices is inefficient because of the need to compose a matrix of spheres with different colours of microcapsules nearby. A domain of such spheres composes a single pixel. A principle of operation is present in figure {{ref>eink6}}. This approach is theoretical as manufacturing such devices is inefficient because of the need to compose a matrix of spheres with different colours of microcapsules nearby. A domain of such spheres composes a single pixel. A principle of operation is present in figure {{ref>eink6}}.
  
en/iot-open/hardware2/actuators_light.1700649333.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/11/22 10:35 by pczekalski
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