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| en:iot-open:communications_and_communicating_sut [2019/05/25 17:16] – irena.skarda | en:iot-open:communications_and_communicating_sut [2020/07/20 09:00] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| ====== Introduction to the IoT Communication and Networking ====== | ====== Introduction to the IoT Communication and Networking ====== | ||
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| - | In no doubt, IoT is network oriented – even the name IoT naturally relates to the Internet network. Communication is the essential part of IoT idea. Every IoT device must communicate somehow, even most simple, passive RFID tag – it responds with some data to the excitation. | + | <box # |
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| + | In no doubt, IoT is network oriented – even the name IoT naturally relates to the Internet network. Communication is an essential part of IoT idea. Every IoT device must communicate somehow, even most simple, passive RFID tag – it responds with some data to the excitation. | ||
| Communication is always performed with some rules known for both communicating parties. Like people have their different languages to use, devices have protocols. Communication protocol describes how to address the information to the remote device, how to encode the data, how to check the correctness of the incoming message. The physical layer of protocol description also tells how to transmit every bit of data, what is the frequency of radio waves, how fast we can send the data, what is the maximum range of the transmission. | Communication is always performed with some rules known for both communicating parties. Like people have their different languages to use, devices have protocols. Communication protocol describes how to address the information to the remote device, how to encode the data, how to check the correctness of the incoming message. The physical layer of protocol description also tells how to transmit every bit of data, what is the frequency of radio waves, how fast we can send the data, what is the maximum range of the transmission. | ||
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| IoT networking is much different than typical, multilayered, | IoT networking is much different than typical, multilayered, | ||
| - | Indeed constrained IoT devices are usually unable to operate regular | + | |
| + | Indeed constrained IoT devices are usually unable to operate regular | ||
| - | Also, IoT devices daily life-cycle is much different than, i.e. or PC life-cycle. We as humans used to switch on the notebook, work extensively on the web, then put it to the low power or off, making the machine to sleep, hibernate or just shutting it down. And we wake it up when needed. It barely makes network operation during sleep. IoT devices are expected to be sleeping providing low power mode whenever possible, and on the other hand, they' | + | Also, IoT devices daily life-cycle is much different than, e.g. or PC life-cycle. We as humans used to switch on the notebook, work extensively on the web, then put it to the low power or off, making the machine to sleep, hibernate or just shutting it down. And we wake it up when needed. It barely makes network operation during sleep. IoT devices are expected to be sleeping providing low power mode whenever possible, and on the other hand, they' |
| Because of the existence of different IoT devices including those very constrained from 8-bit processors with some kB of the RAM to 32-bit multicore machines well-replacing PCs, IoT networking is very competitive on protocols, approaches and solutions. There are indeed some networking standards introduced by standardisation organisation like IEEE, yet they are competed by large manufacturers forcing their complex solutions including dedicated hardware, software and protocols. The third force driving this market are open solutions and enthusiasts, | Because of the existence of different IoT devices including those very constrained from 8-bit processors with some kB of the RAM to 32-bit multicore machines well-replacing PCs, IoT networking is very competitive on protocols, approaches and solutions. There are indeed some networking standards introduced by standardisation organisation like IEEE, yet they are competed by large manufacturers forcing their complex solutions including dedicated hardware, software and protocols. The third force driving this market are open solutions and enthusiasts, | ||
| - | Following chapters explain some most popular concepts about how to organise network fulfilling the above constraints on communication between IoT devices (Machine-2-Machine) and how to let them communicate with the Internet: including hardware, software and human-users.\\ We focus on the de-facto standards existing in the web, usually as open-source libraries and somewhat low-cost devices.\\ | + | Following chapters explain some most popular concepts about how to organise network fulfilling the above constraints on communication between IoT devices (Machine-2-Machine) and how to let them communicate with the Internet: including hardware, software and human-users. We focus on the de-facto standards existing in the web, usually as open-source libraries and somewhat low-cost devices. |
| - | An interesting survey made by RS components((11 Internet of Things (IoT) Protocols You Need to Know About, DesignSpark, | + | |
| - | + | An interesting survey made by RS components ((11 Internet of Things (IoT) Protocols You Need to Know About, DesignSpark, | |
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