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Environment for writing the code, compiler for corresponding language and software for uploading written program to the controller are needed in order to program AVR controller. The most comfortable method would be using special integrated developing environment (IDE). The AVR microcontroller can be programmed in many different programming languages: assembler, C, C+, Pascal, Basic, etc. This book is focusing on using the C-language when programming the microcontroller. There is free software for programming AVR microcontroller for both the Windows OS and the Linux OS. Next chapters are introducing the usage of both.
All software for passing the exercises can be found from the homepage of the HomeLab