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Autonomy Software Stack
A typical autonomy software stack is organised into hierarchical layers, each responsible for a specific subset of functions — from low-level sensor control to high-level decision-making and fleet coordination. Although implementations differ across domains (ground, aerial, marine), the core architectural logic remains similar:
- Perception Layer – sensing and understanding the environment.
- Localisation Layer – determining position and orientation.
- Planning Layer – deciding what actions to take.
- Control Layer – executing those actions through actuators.
- System Layer – managing communication, hardware, and runtime.
- Infrastructure Layer – providing simulation, cloud services, and DevOps.
This layered design aligns closely with both robotics frameworks (ROS 2) and automotive architectures (AUTOSAR Adaptive).
