====== TalTech Arduino Laboratory Hardware Reference ======
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===== Introduction =====
Each laboratory node is equipped with an **Arduino Uno** board. This board is widely used for prototyping and educational purposes due to its ease of use, extensive compatibility with sensors and modules, and a simple programming environment.

The hardware setup includes several sensors, actuators, and interfaces designed for various practical lab exercises.

===== Hardware reference =====
  * **Microcontroller:** ATmega328P
  * **Operating Voltage:** 5 V
  * **Digital I/O Pins:** 14 (6 pins provide PWM output)
  * **Analog Input Pins:** 6
  * **Clock Speed:** 16 MHz
  * **USB Interface:** Yes (for programming and serial communication)
  * **Power Supply:** USB connection or external power supply

==== Hardware Components and Pin Assignments ====

^ Component ^ Model/Description ^ Pins ^ Remarks ^
| DC Motor | Micromotors Brushed Geared DC Motor, 12V, 20Ncm, 5rpm | Digital pins: AIN1=12, AIN2=11, PWM=3 | Controlled via Pololu TB6612FNG Dual Motor Driver |
| Servo Motor | SG90 or similar | PWM pin: 10 | Controlled via Arduino Servo library |
| Fan | 12V DC Fan | Digital pin: 2 | Controlled via digital on/off |
| Thermistor | Steinhart-Hart Thermistor | Analog pin: A5 | Used for precise temperature measurement |
| Photoresistor (LDR) | Chanzon GL5549, 10Ω LDR | Analog pin: A2 | Used for ambient light sensing |
| LCD Screen | Alphanumeric LCD 16x2 (HD44780) | Pins: RS=8, EN=9, D4=4, D5=5, D6=6, D7=7, Buttons input: A0 | Used for displaying text and sensor values |

==== Additional Hardware ====
  * **Motor Driver:** Pololu TB6612FNG Dual Motor Driver Carrier
    * Supports two DC motors independently
    * Motor voltage range: 4.5 – 13.5 V
    * Continuous current per channel: 1.2 A (peak 3 A)
    * Built-in protection: thermal shutdown and undervoltage lockout
    * Control inputs: Logic-level PWM and direction signals (2.7–5.5 V compatible)

==== Wiring Diagram ====
{{:en:iot-open:practical:hardware:taltech:wiring_schematic.png?600|}}

==== Suggested Knowledge Resources ====
  * Arduino programming fundamentals
  * Basic understanding of PWM, analog/digital I/O
  * Use of common Arduino libraries:
    * ''Servo.h'' – Servo motor control
    * ''LiquidCrystal.h'' – LCD display handling
    * Standard Arduino analog/digital I/O functions
  
==== Development Environment Configuration ====
Typical ''platformio.ini'' file configuration for Arduino Uno:

<code ini>
[env:uno]
platform = atmelavr
framework = arduino
board = uno
lib_ldf_mode = deep+
</code>